{"id":340,"date":"2017-02-07T16:05:13","date_gmt":"2017-02-07T14:05:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.teknoconvey.com\/blog\/?p=340"},"modified":"2024-11-20T23:29:52","modified_gmt":"2024-11-20T20:29:52","slug":"pnomatik-tasima-sistemleri-basincin-etkisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.teknoconvey.com\/blog\/2017\/02\/07\/pnomatik-tasima-sistemleri-basincin-etkisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Pn\u00f6matik Ta\u015f\u0131ma Sistemleri Bas\u0131nc\u0131n Etkisi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hava bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n hacimsel ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131ndaki etkisi \u015eekil 1-3’de grafik olarak g\u00f6sterilmektedir. Bunlar, referans atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131nda 1.013 bar mutlak ger\u00e7ek hacimsel ak\u0131\u015f oran\u0131na g\u00f6re hacimsel ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n grafikleridir. Sorunu basitle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in bas\u0131nc\u0131n etkisini yal\u0131tmak i\u00e7in izotermal bir durum varsay\u0131lmaktad\u0131r, yani: T1=T0. Bir kez daha do\u011frusal bir ili\u015fki. Her bir grafikte, farkl\u0131 hava bas\u0131n\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi temsil eden bir dizi \u00e7izgi g\u00f6sterilir ve her biri farkl\u0131 bir sistem t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in olan ili\u015fkiyi g\u00f6sterir. Biri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck pozitif bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 bir sistem, bir di\u011feri y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7indir ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc vakum aktar\u0131m\u0131 ile ilgilidir.<\/p>\n

Sistem Etkileri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u015eekil 1\u2019de bas\u0131n\u00e7 0 (atmosferik) ila 0,8 bar \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir ve bu nedenle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7, tipik olarak seyrek faz, ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 sistemler i\u00e7in uygundur. Serbest hava ko\u015fullar\u0131nda 25m3 \/ dk hava ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, \u015eekil 1’den g\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fi gibi ta\u015f\u0131ma hatt\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndaki malzeme besleme noktas\u0131ndaki ger\u00e7ek hacim, hava Bas\u0131n\u00e7 0,8 bar g\u00f6stergesi. Alternatif olarak, ak\u0131\u015f oran\u0131 E\u015fitlik (Denklem 1) ile belirlenebilir:<\/p>\n

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\u015eekil 1. Hava bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n hacimsel ak\u0131\u015f oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck pozitif bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 sistemlere etkisi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u015eekil 2. \u00a0Hava bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n hacimsel ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 sistemleri \u00fczerindeki etkisi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eekil 2\u2019de bas\u0131n\u00e7 1.0 ila 4.0 bar \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir ve bu nedenle y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131ma sistemleri ile ilgilidir. Malzeme besleme noktas\u0131ndaki hava 4.0 bar g\u00f6stergesi ise, \u015eekil 2\u2019de g\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fi gibi, 25m3 \/ dk’l\u0131k serbest hava ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 5m3 \/ dk’ya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Yukar\u0131daki iki durumda da hava, boru hatt\u0131n\u0131n ucundaki bo\u015faltma haznesi ve filtreleme \u00fcnitesinde, ta\u015f\u0131ma hatt\u0131 boyunca yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak serbest hava de\u011ferine do\u011fru geni\u015fleyecektir.<\/p>\n

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\u015eekil 3. Hava bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n hacimsel ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 negatif bas\u0131n\u00e7 sistemleri \u00fczerindeki etkisi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, bir vakum sistemi s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, malzeme besleme noktas\u0131nda serbest hava ko\u015fullar\u0131 hakimdir. Hava daha sonra bunun \u00f6tesine geni\u015fler ve egzozun _0.5 bar \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde olmas\u0131 halinde, \u015eekil 3’ten g\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fi \u00fczere, 25m3 \/ dakika serbest hava yakla\u015f\u0131k 50m3 \/ dk’ya y\u00fckselir. Alternatif olarak, hava debisi Denklem. (2) ‘den bir kez daha belirlenebilir:<\/p>\n

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Bu de\u011fer aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fi gibi, bu s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilirlik etkisini boru hatlar\u0131n\u0131n boyutland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda dikkate almak son derece \u00f6nemlidir ve \u00f6zellikle kombine pozitif ve negatif bas\u0131n\u00e7 sistemleri s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda bu s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilirlik etkisini hesaba katmak son derece \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

Emi\u015f \u00dcfleme Sistemleri<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u015eekil 4’de, tipik bir kombine pozitif ve negatif bas\u0131n\u00e7 sistemi i\u00e7in geni\u015fleme hatlar\u0131 \u00fcst \u00fcste getirilir. Bu durum, bu t\u00fcr bir sistemle boru hatt\u0131 boyutland\u0131rma problemini ve farkl\u0131 hava bas\u0131n\u00e7lar\u0131nda g\u00f6reli geni\u015fleme etkilerini g\u00f6stermektedir. 20 m3 \/ dakika serbest hava ile vakum hatt\u0131 i\u00e7in 150 mm’lik bir boru hatt\u0131 gerekecektir. Bu, malzeme besleme noktas\u0131nda hava h\u0131z\u0131 18.9 m \/ s olur ve egzoz _0.3 bar g\u00f6stergesindeyse 26.8 m \/ s’ye kadar geni\u015flerdi. Blower’\u0131n teslimat taraf\u0131ndaki bas\u0131n\u00e7 0,4 bar \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc ise, 125 mm’lik bir boru hatt\u0131 gerekecektir. Bu, s\u0131ras\u0131yla 19.5 ve 27.2 m \/ s \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f h\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f h\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 verecektir. Al\u0131nan ve \u00e7\u0131kan hava h\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n sistemin iki par\u00e7as\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok benzer oldu\u011fu, ancak farkl\u0131 boyutlarda boru hatlar\u0131n\u0131n gerekti\u011fi belirtilmelidir. Serbest hava ak\u0131\u015f oran\u0131, sistemin iki par\u00e7as\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ayn\u0131d\u0131r ve bu y\u00fczden, tamamen, ta\u015f\u0131ma hatt\u0131 giri\u015f havas\u0131 bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n havan\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir. Yukar\u0131daki durumda, malzemenin seyrek faz s\u00fcspansiyon ak\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131nt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve malzeme i\u00e7in minimum ta\u015f\u0131ma havas\u0131 h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 15 m \/ s oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir ta\u015f\u0131ma hatt\u0131 giri\u015f havas\u0131 h\u0131z\u0131 belirtilirken y\u00fczde 20’lik bir marj\u0131n olmas\u0131 durumunda, bunun yakla\u015f\u0131k 18 m \/ s olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Sistemleri<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u015eekil 5^te, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 bir seyrek faz ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 sistem i\u00e7in tipik bir h\u0131z profili g\u00f6sterilmektedir. \u00d6nceki sistemde oldu\u011fu gibi, 18 m \/ s’lik minimum bir ta\u015f\u0131ma hatt\u0131 giri\u015f havas\u0131 h\u0131z\u0131 gereklidir ve bu nedenle 25m3 \/ dak’l\u0131k serbest hava ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 ve 0,8 bar \u00f6l\u00e7erden bir ta\u015f\u0131ma hatt\u0131 giri\u015f bas\u0131nc\u0131 ile 125 mm’lik bir boru hatt\u0131 Gerekli olurdu. Elde edilen ta\u015f\u0131ma hatt\u0131 giri\u015f havas\u0131 h\u0131z\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 19 m \/ s’dir ve hava bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131yla hava h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n boru hatt\u0131 uzunlu\u011fu boyunca kademeli olarak artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir. Boru hatt\u0131n\u0131n sonunda ta\u015f\u0131ma hatt\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f havas\u0131 h\u0131z\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 34 m \/ s olacakt\u0131r. Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnek, hava h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 besleme noktas\u0131ndan boru hatt\u0131ndaki malzeme bo\u015falt\u0131m\u0131na kadar olan de\u011fi\u015fimi g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in bir \u00f6rnek olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Ta\u015f\u0131ma sisteminin tasar\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in serbest hava gereksinimlerini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in Denk. (2) kullan\u0131l\u0131r. 125 mm’lik bir boru hatt\u0131 i\u00e7in ve 0,8 bar \u00f6l\u00e7me (181,3 kN \/ m2 mutlak) ta\u015f\u0131ma hatt\u0131 giri\u015f hava bas\u0131nc\u0131 ve 18 m \/ s’lik bir ta\u015f\u0131ma hatt\u0131 giri\u015f havas\u0131 h\u0131z\u0131 ile bu, 0,395 m3 \/ s veya 23,7 m3 \/ Dak. Bas\u0131n\u00e7 etkisi hesaba kat\u0131lmad\u0131 ve hacimsel ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131, boru hatt\u0131n\u0131n sonunda verimli bir \u015fekilde 18 m \/ s’lik bir hava h\u0131z\u0131 temelinde de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, 0.8 barl\u0131k g\u00f6sterge bas\u0131nc\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 m \/ s olur ve boru hatt\u0131 neredeyse tamamen t\u0131kan\u0131r. Hava bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 hava h\u0131z\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi \u015eekil 6 ile daha da a\u00e7\u0131klanmaktad\u0131r. Bu, hava bas\u0131nc\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7izilen ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 hava h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n bir grafi\u011fidir ve 150 mm’lik bir boru hatt\u0131nda 30m3 \/ dak’l\u0131k serbest hava ak\u0131\u015f oran\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7izilir. Pn\u00f6matik bir ta\u015f\u0131ma sisteminin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, ta\u015f\u0131ma hatt\u0131 giri\u015f havas\u0131 bas\u0131nc\u0131, \u00f6zellikle boru hatt\u0131na malzemenin besleme h\u0131z\u0131nda farkl\u0131l\u0131klar olmas\u0131 durumunda, biraz de\u011fi\u015febilir. K\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre boyunca besleme h\u0131z\u0131 y\u00fczde 10 artarsa, talep art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in ta\u015f\u0131ma hatt\u0131 giri\u015f havas\u0131 bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 10 oran\u0131nda artmas\u0131 gerekecektir. Malzeme i\u00e7in asgari ta\u015f\u0131ma havas\u0131 h\u0131z\u0131 15 m \/ s iken ve 0,8 bar g\u00f6stergesinin bir ta\u015f\u0131ma hatt\u0131 giri\u015f havas\u0131 bas\u0131nc\u0131 ile nakledilirse, muhtemelen bir boru hatt\u0131 t\u0131kanmas\u0131na neden olmak i\u00e7in sadece 1,0 bar g\u00f6stergesinde bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 art\u0131\u015f\u0131 yeterli olacakt\u0131r . Hava h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck hava bas\u0131nc\u0131nda hava bas\u0131nc\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimlere kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok hassast\u0131r ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hat giri\u015f havas\u0131 h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 iletmek i\u00e7in bir emniyet marj\u0131n\u0131 belirlerken ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla belirlenecek olan serbest hava hacim ak\u0131\u015f oran\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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\u015eekil 4. Hava bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n ve boru deli\u011finin, serbest hava ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 40m3 \/ dk’da ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 hava h\u0131z\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eekil 5. 20m3 \/ dakika serbest hava ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 ile tipik kombine pozitif ve negatif bas\u0131n\u00e7 (emme-darbe) sistemi i\u00e7in h\u0131z profili.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eekil 6. 25m3 \/ dakika serbest hava debisi i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 seyreltik faz sistemi i\u00e7in tipik h\u0131z profili.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eekil 7. Hava bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n 30m3 \/ dakika serbest hava debisi i\u00e7in ta\u015f\u0131ma h\u0131z\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hava bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n hacimsel ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131ndaki etkisi \u015eekil 1-3’de grafik olarak g\u00f6sterilmektedir. Bunlar, referans atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131nda 1.013 bar mutlak ger\u00e7ek hacimsel ak\u0131\u015f oran\u0131na g\u00f6re hacimsel ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n grafikleridir. Sorunu basitle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in bas\u0131nc\u0131n etkisini yal\u0131tmak i\u00e7in izotermal bir durum varsay\u0131lmaktad\u0131r, yani: T1=T0. Bir kez daha do\u011frusal bir ili\u015fki. Her bir grafikte, farkl\u0131 hava bas\u0131n\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi temsil eden bir dizi \u00e7izgi g\u00f6sterilir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":352,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.teknoconvey.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/340"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.teknoconvey.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.teknoconvey.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.teknoconvey.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.teknoconvey.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=340"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/www.teknoconvey.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/340\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":354,"href":"http:\/\/www.teknoconvey.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/340\/revisions\/354"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.teknoconvey.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/352"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.teknoconvey.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=340"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.teknoconvey.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=340"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.teknoconvey.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=340"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}